Before 60 years of whaling decimated their population, the South Georgia Island off the coast of Antarctica was a teeming feeding ground for humpback whales, blue whales, fin whales, and southern right whales. Now, researchers at the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) have discovered that many of these whales have returned—some in large numbers—to South Georgia.
Since the international moratorium on whaling in 1982, decades of protection have allowed the critically endangered blue whale—the largest of these beasts and the largest animal ever to live—to bounce back considerably after losing 97% of the species.
In 2018, the research mission recorded only 1 sighting and several acoustic confirmations of blue whales—but this year’s voyage logged 36 sightings, totalling 55 individuals. The 2020 expedition also found evidence of around 20,000 humpback whales, and managed to satellite tag several rare southern right whales.
Researchers were thrilled to see so many whales visiting South Georgia to feed again. South Georgia is a place where both whaling and sealing were carried out extensively. It is clear that protection from whaling has worked and the sighting of so many blue whales suggests there is still ample food available for these leviathans.
No whale is worth more to the public good than the blue, and these massive beasts take more than 33 tons of carbon with them down to Davy Jones’ locker when they die. While alive, their massive “faecal plumes” nourish entire communities of phytoplankton which suck up hundreds of billions of tons of CO2 every year.
The discovery during the BAS 2020 survey has prompted the call for a new assessment of Antarctic blue whale recovery to be conducted by the International Whaling Commission Scientific Committee next year in order to find out how well they are recovering from the whaling years.
